Using advanced bioinformatics techniques like gene expression analysis and network analysis, researchers compared data from both conditions. They discovered five key genes—EGR, ANP32E, ITGAM, CRH, and ARPC5—and several pathways related to circadian rhythms, DNA repair, neuronal and immune systems, and protein metabolism. These findings suggest shared mechanisms, such as inflammation and circadian regulation, that could lead to early diagnosis, personalized treatments, and strategies to prevent cognitive decline by improving sleep health.